DAVID BOWIE - SPACE ODDITY @ 55

Released on November 14th, 1969, David Bowie's sophomore solo LP, sometimes known by its eponymous title - sometimes known as "Space Oddity", turns 55 years old today. It's the album that gave the world its first proper glimpse of the superstar that would emerge over the next few years.

David Bowie had made his debut on LP in 1967 with an album that was also released with an eponymous title. That album was focused on mostly British music hall inspired pop songs, offering up a kinda of "song & dance" version of Bowie that really had little to do with the kind of artist he'd eventually become. The album sold poorly, which is why it took two years to muster up enough interest to release a second album. This time around, he was going for a kind of psychedelic tinged folk rock that seemed to be far more indicative of what he was truly capable.

The centrepiece of the album was the Space Oddity single, which was rush-released on July 11th of that year, in order to leverage the Apollo 11 moon landing. The song was inspired by Stanley Kubrick's 2001, A Space Odyssey. It received critical praise and was used by the BBC as background music during its coverage of the event. It initially sold poorly but soon reached number five in the UK, becoming Bowie's first and only chart hit until three years later, when Starman hit the top ten in 1972. Though Tony Visconti produced the album, he actually passed on producing the Space Oddity single, claiming at the time it was too much of a "novelty song". Instead, production for that song was handled by engineer, Gus Dudgeon.

Despite the success of the Space Oddity single, the album still failed to make much of an impression, even with Bowie making appearances on Top of the Pops and other shows to promote it. Bowie's label simply didn't put anything behind the album's promotion, so it effectively tanked on the charts. It wasn't until RCA reissued the album in 1972 that it finally charted, reaching #17 and hanging on to the listings for 42 weeks. In terms of the critics, the response was mixed and has remained so throughout the album's lifespan. While it has moments and support from some quarters, it is often seen as unfocused, even by Bowie himself. He was simply still lacking the confidence to take charge of his vision, and that showed in the final product. Ultimately, it stands as the first real indication of the artist to come, showing glimpses of the style and flair that would soon propel him to the stratosphere as one of the most revered respected rock musicians of all time.
 

COCTEAU TWINS - TREASURE @ 40

 

Released on November 12th, 1984, the third studio album by Cocteau Twins, Treasure, turns 40 years old today. While the album is cherished by the band's fans as one of their finest releases, the band themselves were less confident in its qualities.

The album found the group settling into what would be its stable lineup for the remainder of their career, with vocalist Elizabeth Fraser, guitarist Robin Guthrie and bass guitarist Simon Raymonde. 4AD record label executive, Ivo Watts-Russell, originally tried to hire Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois to produce the album, however Eno felt the band did not need him and Guthrie ended up producing.

The album was recorded from August to September 1984 at Palladium Studios in Edinburgh and at Rooster in West London. Raymonde alluded to Treasure being rushed and unfinished, while Guthrie referred to it as "an abortion", "our worst album by a mile", and to the period in which it was made as "arty-farty pre-Raphaelite". Additionally, Guthrie noted the record's 'dated' quality "because of the early digital stuff and the technology we used on that record. It’s got good things on it, but it’s certainly not got that timeless quality.'" Nonetheless, as Raymonde observed, "It seems to be the one that people like the best and it's probably sold the best".

So despite the band's reservations, the album has become well established with fans of the group as one of their most revered recordings. It was certainly the album that sold me on the group, though as someone who has produced music for nearly 45 years, I can appreciate when Guthrie says it sounds "dated". It's something that's common with a lot of music from that era, where the brittle quality of the 1st gen digital reverb devices and other electronics can add a harshness to the sound. Still, the quality of the music surmounts most production shortcomings.

PINK FLOYD - UMMAGUMMA @ 55

 

Released 55 years ago today, on November 7th, 1969, it's Pink Floyd's fourth album, Ummagumma, perhaps the strangest release in their entire catalogue. The album was one of their more unusual conceptual concoctions, being composed of a live album, and a studio LP that was split four ways for solo works by each band member.

The original idea behind the live album was to feature fan favourites that would subsequently be dropped from the set. Although the sleeve notes say that the live material was recorded in June 1969, the live album of Ummagumma was recorded at Mothers Club in Birmingham on April 27, 1969, and the following week at Manchester College of Commerce on May 2 as part of The Man and The Journey Tour. Keyboardist, Richard Wright, later said the recording of "A Saucerful of Secrets" was a composite from both gigs. A show at Bromley Technical College on April 26 was also recorded but not used.

The studio album was something of an experiment to allow each member to explore their own musical muse, unfettered by any collaborative concerns. Each member was given half a side of the LP to do whatever they wanted. While the initial concept was met with enthusiasm by the band, once they got into the recording process, their focus became considerably less assured, resulting in a fair bit of studio noodling, with little sense of intent or direction behind it all. The results were some of the most experimental compositions of the group's career, although it all felt a bit too self-indulgent, and even pretentiously contrived in its avant-garde awkwardness.

Perhaps the most fascinating aspect of the album was the cover design by Hipgnosis, who were responsible for most of the band's LP covers over their career. The cover artwork shows a Droste effect, the effect of a picture recursively appearing within itself, featuring the group, with a picture hanging on the wall showing the same scene, except that the band members have switched positions, and this is then repeated two more times. The British version has the Gigi soundtrack album leaning against the wall immediately above the "Pink Floyd" letters. Storm Thorgerson explained that the LP was included as a red herring to provoke debate, and that it has no intended meaning. On the rear cover, roadies Alan Styles (who also appears in "Alan's Psychedelic Breakfast") and Peter Watts are shown with the band's equipment laid out on a taxiway at London Biggin Hill Airport. This concept was proposed by Nick Mason, with the intention of replicating the "exploded" drawings of military aircraft and their payloads, which were popular at the time. The album's title supposedly comes from Cambridge slang for sex, commonly used by Pink Floyd friend and occasional roadie Iain "Emo" Moore, who would say, "I'm going back to the house for some ummagumma". According to Moore, he made up the term himself.

When the album was released, it performed well commercially, breaking into the lower reaches of the top 100 in the US and Canada, while peaking at #5 in the UK. Its critical response was also, initially, quite positive, though as time has passed and it has been contextualized by the group's subsequent output, it is now generally considered one of their lesser releases. Even the band themselves dismiss it as a failed experiment. Yet, personally, it was the album that got me interested in the band. As a teen who came of age during the dawn of "punk", I had disparaged Pink Floyd as one of the "dinosaurs" of '70s excess, a perspective that lingered until the late 1980s, when a friend played me the studio LP from Ummagumma. At the time, I was very much into the more abstract music of the day, so I was rather pleasantly surprised by the strangeness of the album. After that point, my attitude changed towards the band and I began to warm to their music in a much bigger way than was possible for me beforehand. In that sense, I will always have a certain fascination with the album.

QUEEN - SHEER HEART ATTACK @ 50

 

Celebrating its golden jubilee, with half a century on the shelves, it's the third LP from Queen, Sheer Heart Attack, which was released on November 8th, 1974. It's the album that would break the band internationally, giving them their first view from the top of the charts on both sides of the Atlantic.

After the release of Queen II in March 1974, the band struck up a partnership with Mott the Hoople, with whom they toured throughout the UK. The pairing proved to be such a success that Queen were asked to accompany them on their US tour, a situation that afforded the group the opportunity to perform at much larger venues, with more sophisticated sound and lighting systems, while also giving them the freedom to try out different songs onstage. Even though the situation solidified a friendship between the two bands that would endure throughout their respective careers, Freddie Mercury remarked that having to be an opening act was still "traumatic" for him, as he bristled with the desire to take the headlining slot, but his frustration was nothing compared to what poor Brian May was about to suffer as a result of Queen's first visit to the US.

At the climax of the tour in Boston, Brian May was discovered to have contracted hepatitis, likely from the use of a contaminated needle during vaccinations the group received before travelling. The remainder of the tour was subsequently cancelled and Queen flew back home, where May was immediately hospitalized. This wasn't the only medical emergency to befall the unfortunate guitarist that year either. After having begun to recover by the start of August, the band were in Wessex Sound Studios. Work there would not last long, however, as May, who was starting to feel uneasy, went to a specialist clinic on August 2nd. He collapsed at the clinic due to a duodenal ulcer, and would be operated on the following day. He was discharged from the hospital soon after so he could recover at home. The upshot of these bouts of illness meant that the rest of the band had to function as a trio through much of the initial recording sessions for their new album. It was a situation that put the other members on the spot to pick up the slack.

Recording of the album was somewhat fragmented due to Brian's medical situation, with recording split between four different studios: Trident and Air studios in London, Rockfield in Monmouthshire, and Wessex Sound in Highbury New Park. As the album developed, the music was moving away from the grandiose mythological subject matter of their previous albums, and into more grounded themes and subjects. Brighton Rock dealt with a love affair during a seaside vacation, Killer Queen was about a high-end prostitute, Now I'm Here was about the band's experiences touring with Mott the Hoople. All rather less fantastical than battling ogres or other such mythical fairy-tale fodder.

The band were still delivering some blistering hard rock, but there was also a lightness and playful dalliance with more diverse styles. Bring Back That Leroy Brown was a tribute to the recently deceased Jim Croce, featuring a jazzy, honky-tonk musical style, with Brian playing ukulele-banjo, and Deacon on the double bass. She Makes Me (Stormtrooper in Stilettoes) offered up a dreamy acoustic guitar driven dirge, with Brian and John doubling up on the guitars. On the other end of the spectrum, Stone Cold Crazy can only be described as photo-thrash-metal, what with its scorching tempo being enough to one day inspire Metallica to cover the song. It was one of the group's oldest compositions, dating back to their early days and being of enough antiquity that they'd forgotten who actually wrote it, thus necessitating its credit to the entire band, their first song to do so. The album also includes the first original song composition from John Deacon, Misfire.

For the cover of the album, legendary photographer, Mick Rock, was brought in again after delivering his iconic images for Queen II. Once more he managed to capture the band in a unique state. However, rather than presenting them as austere and remote god-heads, like on the previous LP, Sheer Heart Attack showed them all crumpled up on the floor like so much dishevelled dirty laundry, all sweaty and spent looking. It was as though he'd caught them just as they collapsed after a particularly rousing live gig.

The release of the album, bolstered by the single Killer Queen, sent both records roaring up the UK charts, with both the LP and single hitting #2, while in the US, they both peaked at #12. Critics were mostly favourable in their reviews as well, with the album's hard rock & glam aesthetics finding favour with the zeitgeist of the times. If there was any question that Queen had arrived, Sheer Heart Attack put those doubts to rest.

The success of the album should have put the band in a sweet spot for their career, but there was something amiss. They were somehow piss-poor and strapped for cash, thanks to mismanagement from their agents, a situation that would have to be sorted and would put them in a make-or-break position for their next album, but that's a story for another day.

MICHAEL NESMITH - THE PRISON @ 50

 

Marking its golden jubilee this month is the seventh solo album from Michael Nesmith, The Prison, which was released 50 years ago, in November of 1974. After a half dozen LPs mostly focused on the laid back country-rock sound he'd helped pioneer after leaving The Monkees in 1969, Nesmith was looking to do something different as he kicked off the first release for his very own label imprint, Pacific Arts.

Nesmith spent the previous few years creating incredibly sophisticated music that was mostly ignored by the public, and barely acknowledged by critics. With his obligation to a record label now moot, given that he was his own boss, Nesmith undertook an entirely different kind of conception for this record. The idea was to present a box set with an LP and a book containing stories intended to be read along with the songs on the album. The combination of the music, lyrics and narrative of the texts were meant to offer a philosophical musing on the nature of life, delving into existential conceptions that were a kind of mix of Buddhism and Christian Science, which was the faith he was raised in by his single mother.

Musically, while the album still lingers in a kind of country/folk landscape, the use of electronics, like the Arp Odyssey synth and Roland Rhythm 77 drum machine, take the music into a surreal sort of progressive tangent, almost akin to a countrified version of Pink Floyd, to some extent. The album's seven, often lengthy songs, took on the air of dream-like meditations, in some cases with mantra like vocal repetitions extending off into infinity. It was all meant to function as a contemplation on the nature of existence and, especially, the meaning of mortality.

Upon its release, it met with mixed critical responses. Robert Christgau called it a "ghastly boxed audio-allegory-with-book." It sold poorly and was largely overlooked by even fans of Nesmith, though it remained a favourite of the artist, who reissued the album on CD a couple of times over the years, first in 1994 and again in 2007. Each reissue, however, did not release the original 1974 mix. Subsequent editions drastically altered the recordings, adding keyboards and even updating some of the lead vocals, while some of the original elements, like the drum machine, were obscured completely.

I first encountered the 2007 version, which I initially really loved, but then discovered I could order an original sealed copy of the 1974 LP box set, directly from Nesmith, even getting it signed! Once I got the original LP and got a chance to hear it in its original mix, I was immediately sold on that version, finding the cheesy drum machine and primitive synth sounds far more charming than the updated keyboards from the "enhanced" reissued version. Though the original mix was never reissued on CD, Nesmith did finally take one of the sealed LPs and made a digital transfer of the album, which he then sold from his website as a high resolution MP3 set.

Personally, it's one of my all-time favourite solo releases from Nesmith, both because of the sophistication of the music and its themes, and the ambition of the project. In the use of printed stories with music, it's surprisingly similar to The Residents' Eskimo LP. The Prison would also turn out to be the first entry in a triptych of releases that would appear throughout Nesmith's career. The second part, The Garden, would be released in 1994, while the third instalment, The Ocean, would come in 2015 as a web only release.

THE STRANGLERS - AURAL SCULPTURE @ 40

 

Released on November 5th, 1984, The Stranglers' eighth studio album, Aural Sculpture, turns 40 years old today. It's an album that saw the group reassessing their approach after going for an icy Euro-techno sound on their previous album, Feline (1983). For Aural Sculpture, the group opted to bring back a bit of warmth to their sound, though the emphasis on the beat was still prominent, albeit augmented with horn sections, female backing vocals, and an increased use of acoustic guitar.

Initial recordings for the album were self produced by the band, but the results from those sessions were somehow lacking, with the band feeling unconvinced by the results, and the record label insisting they bring in a producer to help them get their house in order. They'd originally considered hiring Marvin Gaye, but that couldn't happen when he was killed on April 1st. Eddie Grant was also in the running, but it was ultimately Laurie Latham who got the job. It was Latham who suggested the horn section and backup singers to flesh out the arrangements. The result was that a lot of material from the initial sessions was scrapped and a bunch more new songs were added during the second round of recording. The album was mostly a passion project between Cornwell and Latham, with J.J. Burnel being somewhat distracted by his ailing father requiring care before he finally passed while the album was being produced.

The album's release was a commercial success for the group, with three singles coming from it, including Skin Deep, No Mercy and Let Me Down Easy. Critically, the album was also well received, with most finding the album's nuances more welcoming than the detached austerity of Feline.

PSYCHIC TV - HACIENDA @ 40

 

Forty years ago today, on November 5th, 1984, Psychic TV played at the Haçienda nightclub in Manchester. Run by Factory Records main man, Tony Wilson, the club was notorious as one of the most pivotal venues in the UK during the late 1980s and early 1990s, becoming a key venue for the Acid House & techno music scenes. But before it really started to click as a place for DJs and Ecstasy fuelled dancers, it was initially opened as a financially struggling alternative music club, partially funded by the profits from New Order's Blue Monday single.

Psychic TV's appearance there in 1984 captured the band as it was undergoing the first of its major stylistic transmutations of its career. The group's live performances during its first few years were predominantly noisy, tribal-industrial happenings, often taking on the disposition of rallies, veiled in pseudo militaristic occult symbolic trappings. But by 1984, the group were starting to develop a kind of psychedelic rock that Genesis P-Orridge dubbed "Hyperdelic" music. The group on stage became more conventional, incorporating a regular drummer and bass guitar along with Alex Fergusson's guitar, in order to perform more conventional rock music. This particular performance is notable for being the gig where Godstar was first performed. This song would become the group's most successful single once it was fully developed in the studio and released in 1985.

The group membership for this gig included founding members, Genesis P-Orridge & Alex Fergusson, Paula P-Orridge (uncredited on the reissues of the recording), John Gosling and Paul A Reeson. In addition to Godstar, the set included versions of Roman P., Southern Comfort, Thee Starlit Mire, Unclean and I Like You. The performance was recorded and initially released on cassette in an unofficial Temple Ov Psychick Youth edition in 1984. It would be remastered and reissued on CD for the first time in 2013 by Cold Spring Records. A double LP red vinyl edition was also issued by Let Them Eat Vinyl in 2014.